Characteristics And Varieties Of Cotton Fabrics

Maturity refers to the degree of thickening of the fiber cell wall, that is, the degree of maturity of the cotton fiber, which is closely related to the physical properties of the fiber.

Normally mature cotton fiber has the advantages of coarse section, high strength, multiple turns, good elasticity, mercerization, strong cohesion between fibers and high yarn strength.

Therefore, maturity can be regarded as a comprehensive index of the inherent quality of cotton fiber.

The strength of cotton fibers is often expressed by breaking strength and breaking length.

The strength of fine wool cotton is 3.5 ~ 4.5cN, the breaking length is 21 ~ 25km, the strength of long staple cotton is 4 ~ 6cN, and the breaking length is 30km.

Because the strength difference of a single cotton fiber is large, the strength of the cotton bundle fiber is generally measured, and then the strength index of the single fiber is converted.

The elongation at break of cotton fiber is 3% to 7%, and the elasticity is poor.

Cotton fiber is porous material, and its cellulose macromolecules have many hydrophilic genes (-OH), so its hygroscopicity is good. Under general atmospheric conditions, the moisture regain of cotton fibers can reach 8.5%.

Cotton fabric is a fabric made of cotton or cotton and cotton blended yarn.

It has the following characteristics: strong hygroscopicity and high shrinkage rate, about 4 "10%.

Alkali resistant and acid proof.

Cotton cloth is very unstable to inorganic acids. Even dilute sulfuric acid can destroy them, but organic acids are weak in action and hardly destroy.

Cotton cloth is more alkali resistant than ordinary alkali, but it has no effect on cotton cloth at room temperature, but the strength of cotton cloth will decrease after strong alkali treatment.

Often use 20% caustic soda treatment cotton cloth, can get "mercerized" cotton cloth.

Light resistance and heat resistance are common.

Cotton and cotton will slowly oxidize in the sunlight and atmosphere, so that the strength will drop.

Long term high temperature will cause the cotton cloth to be damaged, but it can tolerate 125 "150" short high temperature treatment.

Microbes have a destructive effect on cotton fabrics.

It is resistant to mold.

Varieties, pure cotton fabrics.

Pure cotton fabric is made of pure cotton yarn, with a wide variety of fabrics and different colors.

It can be dyed into dyed cotton, dyed cotton, printed cotton and yarn dyed cotton fabric. It can also be divided into plain cloth, twill and forged cloth according to the fabric structure.

Plain cotton cloth is a cotton cloth with natural cotton fibers that is not bleached or printed and processed. It is called primary coloured cotton cloth.

It can be divided into cloth, coarse cloth and fine cloth according to the thickness of the yarn. They are characterized by thick cloth, smooth cloth, durable and high shrinkage.

It can be used for sheets, accessories or shirts.

Poplin is the main type of cotton fabric with silk style.

Its texture is thin and glossy, soft and slippery, and comfortable and plain.

The structure of poplin is characterized by the density of warp, which is about twice the density of the weft. The exposed area of warp is more than that of the weft yarn. The convex part of the poplin has obvious diamond shaped particles on the surface of the cloth, and the quality of the yarn is higher, so the fabric is clear in texture, full in grain and smooth in appearance.

But poplin fabric has a major drawback, that is, it is easy to have longitudinal cracks in its sewing garments. This is because the difference between poplin and weft density is very large, and the intensity between the warp and weft yarns is not balanced, which results in nearly twice the strength of the warp strength than the zonal strength.

The general grey cloth of wool and blue cloth must be treated by singeing before dyeing, so that the cloth is smooth and clean, and the wool cloth is not the same. Before dyeing, it needs no singeing. After dyeing, the cloth is kept with a layer of fuzz, so it is called "Mao" blue cloth.

Hair blue cloth is usually dyed with indigo dye, with good color fastness, generous color, and more washed and more colourful feel.

There are many specifications: coarse blue cloth, fine blue cloth and so on.

It is generally suitable for coats and sells throughout the urban and rural areas.

Plain cloth, bleached cloth and printed cloth are made of printing and dyeing and bleaching of all kinds of white cloth.

According to different colors, it can be divided into plain cloth, bleached cloth and printed cloth.

Plain cloth: a single color.

The ordinary warp silk is treated with light.

Such as: Shilin blue, vilam blue and other kinds of colored cloth.

Bleached cloth: white cotton fabric, which is obtained from bleaching and bleaching, can be divided into two types: mercerized cloth and light cloth.

Mercerized cloth has smooth surface and smooth handle. The surface of this light cloth is light and rough.

Bleached cloth is usually used to make underwear, bed sheets, etc.

Printed cloth: it is made of two types of mercerized and gloss, which are made of low count white cloth.

According to the different printing methods, this cloth has different appearance effects, mostly with bright face and dark side.

It is suitable for women and children's clothing.